Section: Overview
Histoplasmosis is a non-contagious fungal infection of dogs, cats, other domestic and non-domestic animals, and humans. It is caused by inhalation of a fungus called Histoplasma capsulatum carried on dust with a primary infection in the lung.
The factors that predispose cats to the disease aren't clearly defined. Immaturity of the immune system of young cats and exposure to large amounts of the organism may be significant factors.
The impact of the disease on a particular cat is significant; treatment is expensive and prolonged, and the prognosis is poor.
Watch to Watch For
Acute weight loss/emaciation
Depression
Fever
Poor appetite
Anemia
Labored breathing
Enlarged liver
Enlarged spleen
Enlarged lymph nodes
Lameness
Skin disease
Diarrhea (the most common sign in dogs)
Eye disease
Diagnosis
A definitive diagnosis of histoplasmosis requires detecting Histoplasma organisms in the tissues of cats and dogs showing clinical signs compatible with the disease. Several other tests are also recommended to gather information that supports a diagnosis of histoplasmosis.
Complete blood count
Chemistry panel and urinalysis
Radiographs
Complete ophthalmic exam
Rectal scrapings (dogs)
Bone marrow examination
Cytology of fine-needle aspirates
Biopsy
Serologic tests
Culture
Treatment
Antifungal drugs
Supportive care
Home Care and Prevention
Provide good nutrition and administer all medications as prescribed.
No specific preventive measures exist regarding histoplasmosis.
