Histoplasmosis in Cats

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Histoplasmosis in Cats

By: Dr. Arnold Plotnick

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Section: Overview

Histoplasmosis is a non-contagious fungal infection of dogs, cats, other domestic and non-domestic animals, and humans. It is caused by inhalation of a fungus called Histoplasma capsulatum carried on dust with a primary infection in the lung.

The factors that predispose cats to the disease aren't clearly defined. Immaturity of the immune system of young cats and exposure to large amounts of the organism may be significant factors.

The impact of the disease on a particular cat is significant; treatment is expensive and prolonged, and the prognosis is poor.

Watch to Watch For

Acute weight loss/emaciation

Depression

Fever

Poor appetite

Anemia

Labored breathing

Enlarged liver

Enlarged spleen

Enlarged lymph nodes

Lameness

Skin disease

Diarrhea (the most common sign in dogs)

Eye disease

Diagnosis

A definitive diagn

osis of histoplasmosis requires detecting Histoplasma organisms in the tissues of cats and dogs showing clinical signs compatible with the disease. Several other tests are also recommended to gather information that supports a diagnosis of histoplasmosis.

Complete blood count

Chemistry panel and urinalysis

Radiographs

Complete ophthalmic exam

Rectal scrapings (dogs)

Bone marrow examination

Cytology of fine-needle aspirates

Biopsy

Serologic tests

Culture

Treatment

Antifungal drugs

Supportive care

Home Care and Prevention

Provide good nutrition and administer all medications as prescribed.

No specific preventive measures exist regarding histoplasmosis.

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