Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs

Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs

By: PetPlace Veterinarians

Section: Veterinary Care In-depth

Veterinary care should include diagnostic tests and subsequent treatment recommendations.

Diagnosis In-depth

Diagnostic tests are needed to properly diagnose congestive heart failure. Tests may include:

  • Complete medical history and physical examination, with emphasis on stethoscope examination (auscultation) of the heart and lungs. Of particular importance is the identification of abnormal heart sounds such as heart murmurs or irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmia).

  • A chest radiograph (X-ray) is usually needed to identify heart enlargement, fluid accumulation in the lung and exclude some of the previously mentioned conditions that can mimic heart failure.

  • The blood pressure is usually measured. This is done with the special device that measures blood flow, noninvasively, through the legs.
    Both high and low blood pressure values usually need to be identified as either can occur in patients with heart failure.

  • An electrocardiogram (EKG) is often obtained to identify heart enlargement and determine the electrical activity of the heart. The electrocardiogram is a noninvasive test done by attaching small contact electrodes to the limbs and body.

  • Ultrasound examination of the heart (echocardiogram) may be needed for a definitive diagnosis. This noninvasive test requires sophisticated equipment that creates high frequency sound waves much like the sonar of a submarine. An image of the heart is created. The echocardiogram is usually the test of choice to establish the final diagnosis of the cause of congestive heart failure, but this examination may require referral to a specialist.

  • Laboratory (blood) tests are often recommended to evaluate other organ function, such as the kidney, and exclude anemia as a complicating factor. This can be critical to evaluate the effect of heart failure on other organs such as the kidneys and to monitor the effects of treatment. A blood test to detect heartworm infection may be recommended in some patients.

    Your veterinarian may recommend additional diagnostic tests to insure optimal medical care. These are selected on a case-by-case basis. Examples may include:

  • Specialized blood tests such as blood taurine in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy.

  • Thyroid tests to exclude abnormal function of the thyroid gland.

  • Blood cultures in suspected infection of the heart valves.

  • Doppler studies, which are a special type of echocardiography and often require referral to a specialist. Doppler studies more accurately diagnosed blood flow disturbances.

  • Thoracocentesis (draining fluid from around the lung) or abdominal paracentesis (draining fluid from the abdominal cavity) may be necessary to provide relief from the excessive fluid and determine the cause of the abnormal fluid accumulation. Tests on the fluid can help determine its cause.

  •  
    Printable Version
     
    Have a Pet Question?
    Review the Most Frequent Questions
    Answered by Dr. Jon and His Staff of Veterinarians
    Ask Dr. Jon
    Dr. Jon's Newsletter
    Yes! Send Me the Latest Health Information, Pet Tips, Pet Stories and more...
     
     

    Related Articles

    • 1 Dyspnea (Trouble Breathing) in Dogs

      Respiratory distress, also called dyspnea, is labored, difficult breathing or shortness of breath. This can occur at any time during the breathing process, either during inspiration or expiration.

      Read MoreRead More
    • 2 Cyanosis (Blue Coloration) in Dogs

      Cyanosis, a bluish or purplish coloration to the skin or mucous membranes due to excessive amounts of poorly oxygenated hemoglobin in the circulation, is usually an alarming clinical symptom for pet owners...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 3 Chronic Coughing in Dogs

      Coughing, a common protective reflex that clears secretions or foreign matter from the throat, voice box, windpipe or airways, and protects the lungs from aspiration, affects the respiratory system by...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 4 Tachypnea in Dogs

      Tachypnea, also referred to as polypnea, is defined as an increased rate of breathing. Tachypnea, unlike dyspnea (distressful feeling associated with labored breathing), need not be an indication of distress....

      Read MoreRead More
    • 5 Ascites in Dogs

      Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid caused by the leakage of fluid into the abdomen from blood vessels, lymphatics, internal organs or abdominal masses. Treatment will vary depending on the cause...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 6 Chronic Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs

      Valvular heart disease is a condition characterized by degeneration and thickening of the heart valves. Valvular heart disease is very common and represents the most important of adult canine heart diseases....

      Read MoreRead More
    • 7 Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs (DCM)

      Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterized by dilation or enlargement of the heart chambers and markedly reduced contraction. DCM is very common in dogs, representing the most common reason...

      Read MoreRead More
    Related Articles
    • 1Chronic Coughing in Dogs

      Coughing, a common protective reflex that clears secretions or foreign matter from the throat, voice box, windpipe or airways, and protects the lungs from aspiration, affects the respiratory system by...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 2Cyanosis (Blue Coloration) in Dogs

      Cyanosis, a bluish or purplish coloration to the skin or mucous membranes due to excessive amounts of poorly oxygenated hemoglobin in the circulation, is usually an alarming clinical symptom for pet owners...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 3Ascites in Dogs

      Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid caused by the leakage of fluid into the abdomen from blood vessels, lymphatics, internal organs or abdominal masses. Treatment will vary depending on the cause...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 4Chronic Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs

      Valvular heart disease is a condition characterized by degeneration and thickening of the heart valves. Valvular heart disease is very common and represents the most important of adult canine heart diseases....

      Read MoreRead More
    • 5Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs (DCM)

      Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterized by dilation or enlargement of the heart chambers and markedly reduced contraction. DCM is very common in dogs, representing the most common reason...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 6Dyspnea (Trouble Breathing) in Dogs

      Respiratory distress, also called dyspnea, is labored, difficult breathing or shortness of breath. This can occur at any time during the breathing process, either during inspiration or expiration.

      Read MoreRead More
    • 7Tachypnea in Dogs

      Tachypnea, also referred to as polypnea, is defined as an increased rate of breathing. Tachypnea, unlike dyspnea (distressful feeling associated with labored breathing), need not be an indication of distress....

      Read MoreRead More
     

    Over 10,000 Veterinarian Approved Articles

    Related Articles
    • 1Chronic Coughing in Dogs

      Coughing, a common protective reflex that clears secretions or foreign matter from the throat, voice box, windpipe or airways, and protects the lungs from aspiration, affects the respiratory system by...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 2Cyanosis (Blue Coloration) in Dogs

      Cyanosis, a bluish or purplish coloration to the skin or mucous membranes due to excessive amounts of poorly oxygenated hemoglobin in the circulation, is usually an alarming clinical symptom for pet owners...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 3Ascites in Dogs

      Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid caused by the leakage of fluid into the abdomen from blood vessels, lymphatics, internal organs or abdominal masses. Treatment will vary depending on the cause...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 4Chronic Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs

      Valvular heart disease is a condition characterized by degeneration and thickening of the heart valves. Valvular heart disease is very common and represents the most important of adult canine heart diseases....

      Read MoreRead More
    • 5Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs (DCM)

      Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterized by dilation or enlargement of the heart chambers and markedly reduced contraction. DCM is very common in dogs, representing the most common reason...

      Read MoreRead More
    • 6Dyspnea (Trouble Breathing) in Dogs

      Respiratory distress, also called dyspnea, is labored, difficult breathing or shortness of breath. This can occur at any time during the breathing process, either during inspiration or expiration.

      Read MoreRead More
    • 7Tachypnea in Dogs

      Tachypnea, also referred to as polypnea, is defined as an increased rate of breathing. Tachypnea, unlike dyspnea (distressful feeling associated with labored breathing), need not be an indication of distress....

      Read MoreRead More