Section: Overview
Fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy or FCE is a condition involving necrosis (cell death) of a region of the spinal cord secondary to infarction (obstruction) of the blood supply. The infarction is caused by fibrocartilage, which arises from part of the intervertebral disc (the shock absorbing material located between bones in the spinal column) and enters a spinal artery or vein.
The cause of FCE is unknown. It is also unclear as to how the fibrocartilaginous material enters the bloodstream. Giant and large breed dogs are most commonly affected. It may also occur in smaller dogs, with an apparent predisposition in Shetland sheepdogs and miniature schnauzers. Most affected animals are 3-6 years of age and male dogs are slightly more prone to FCE than females.
Although FCE has been reported in cats, the condition is very rare.
What to Watch For
Lack of coordination
Lameness
Dragging of limbs
Complete inability to walk
Sudden onset of weakness or paralysis in one, several or all limbs
Diagnosis
History and physical exam
Spinal radiographs (X-rays)
Myelography (specialized X-ray using agents to highlight the spinal cord)
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
Complete blood count, biochemical profile and urinalysis
Treatment
Intravenous corticosteroid therapy may be useful if administered within 6-8 hours of onset of clinical signs. Additional treatment includes:
Supportive care
Physical therapy
Home Care and Prevention
Recovery may be a slow process, requiring continued supportive medical care at home. Some affected animals may lose the ability to urinate normally. This may necessitate manual emptying of the bladder and frequent cleaning of the hind end to avoid urine scalding.
Pressure sores are a common complication of prolonged paralysis. Frequent turning of paralyzed animals, soft bedding, and management of any sores is also necessary.
There are no known measures to prevent FCE.
Related Articles
-
1
Diskospondylitis
The spine contains many small bones called vertebrae. In between these bones are small “cushions” called intervertebral discs. Diskospondylitis is an infection of a one or more vertebral discs and their...
» Read More
-
2
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) - Thoracolumbar Area in Dogs
Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a condition that occurs when pressure is placed on the spinal cord by disc material that herniates beneath or adjacent to the cord. Dogs may show signs of mild back...
» Read More