Pemphigus Foliaceus in Dogs

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Pemphigus Foliaceus in Dogs

By: Dr. Mark Thompson

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Section: Overview

Diagnosis

This disease is confirmed by skin biopsy, preferably of an intact pustule. It is important that a pathologist skilled in reading veterinary skin histopathology read the biopsy.

Your veterinarian may puncture an intact pustule and collect the contents to put on a microscope slide for cytology (microscopic exam of the cells). This test may lead to a preliminary diagnosis that must be confirmed by biopsy. This test also helps to rule out other pustular skin diseases like pyoderma.

Treatment

Immunosuppressive drugs. Since this disease is caused by an abnormality in the immune system, the immune system must be suppressed to treat the problem. Corticosteroids like prednisone are used at high doses for this reason. Although these drugs have the benefit of rapid suppression of the immune system, they have numerous side effects if used at this dosage long-term.

Once the disease is successfully in remission, other immunosuppressive drugs like azathioprine in dogs may be used to help lower the dose of corticosteroids needed.

Chrysotherapy. Injections of gold salts have been successful as an aid in treatment.

Antibiotics. These may be needed if the skin is secondarily infected with bacteria.

Topical steroids. If diagnosed early in the disease course, topical steroids may provide temporary relief.

Home Care and Prevention

Give all medications as directed. Follow up appointments with your veterinarian are critical to allow for adjustment of drug dosages to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects.

There is no known way to prevent the development of this disease.

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