Section: Overview
Testicular torsion is a condition in which the spermatic cord undergoes rotation, leading to infarction or death of the tissue caused by a lack of blood supply to the testicle. It is most commonly associated with an enlarged, cancerous abdominal or undescended testicle.
Testicular torsion can also occur following rupture of the scrotal ligament, usually associated with trauma. It is uncommon and most often occurs in individuals who are cryptorchid, which means they have undescended testicles.
What to Watch For
Swollen testis or scrotum
Scrotal pain
Reluctance to stand or walk
Lethargy
Loss of appetite
Vomiting
Shock
Listlessness
Fever
Abdominal pain
Diagnosis
Complete blood count (CBC)
Biochemical profile
Urinalysis
Abdominal radiographs (x-rays)
Ultrasound (abdomen, testicles)
Treatment
Testicular torsion is a medical emergency requiring surgical intervention. Treatment may include:
Intravenous fluid therapy and supportive care to stabilize critically ill patients
Exploratory laparotomy (surgery of the abdomen) with castration
Castration, which is the treatment of choice
Appropriate antibiotic therapy (based on culture and sensitivity) if there is devitalized tissue
Home Care and Prevention
Administer all medication and follow instructions given to you by your veterinarian. If any change is noted in your pet's condition, notify your veterinarian. The prognosis is generally good unless a metastatic testicular tumor is present.
Neutering your pet early in life will prevent testicular torsion.
