Overview of Canine Lizard Venom Toxicity

Lizard toxicity is characterized by the venomous bite of one of two kinds of venomous lizards, causing a myriad of clinical signs. The Gila monster and Mexican beaded lizard bites are the only ones considered toxic. These lizards deliver their toxins to the victim by injecting a toxin from glands within their lower jaw. However, these lizards are generally quite docile and infrequently envenomate dogs. Most lizard venom toxicity occurs only in the southwestern United States and Mexico.

What to Watch For

Signs of lizard venom toxicity in dogs may include: 

Bleeding

Swelling

Extreme pain at the bite site

Low blood pressure

Weakness

Excessive salivation

Tearing from the eyes

Frequent urination and defecation

Inability to vocalize

Diagnosis of Lizard Venom Toxicity in Dogs

Complete blood count, biochemical profile and urinalysis are usually within normal limits, as are the results of imaging techniques (x-rays, ultrasound).

Electrocardiograms may detect arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms).

Blood pressure readings may detect hypotension.

The only definitive way to diagnose lizard venom toxicity is by seeing the lizard envenomate (bite) the victim.

Treatment of Lizard Venom Toxicity in Dogs

Remove the lizard if it is still attached to the dog.  This can be done by either placing a flame under the lizard’s jaw or prying the mouth open.

Monitor and treat hypotension and arrhythmias if present, with intravenous fluids and anti-arrhythmic drugs.

Flush and soak the bite site, removing any remnants of the lizard’s teeth.

Control pain.

Administer antibiotic therapy to ward off secondary infection.

Home Care and Prevention

If you suspect that you dog has been bitten, see your veterinarian. Follow all directions from your veterinarian, administering all medication and therapy. Monitor the bite site closely and report any changes to your veterinarian.

To prevent lizard venom toxicity, do not allow your dog to roam and have access to these lizards.