Bladder rupture is a condition in which the urinary bladder tears and releases urine into the abdominal cavity. The bladder can rupture because of trauma, urinary obstruction, tumors or severe bladder disease. This can occur in any species but tests and treatment vary depending on the animal.
Animals that experience rupture of the bladder can quickly become sick from substances in the urine that are leaking into the abdomen and getting reabsorbed instead of being excreted.
What to Watch For
Diagnosis
Every sick pet benefits from a complete physical examination, including palpation of the abdomen. In some cases, the physical exam may diagnose the problem or it can help determine appropriate tests. For some small pets, however, additional tests may be cost prohibitive. Some recommended tests may include:
Treatment
Treatments vary depending on the size and species of pet and cost concerns. The treatment for bladder rupture is abdominal surgery. If surgery is determined not to be an option, euthanasia should be considered. Surgical treatment involves:
Home Care and Prevention
After surgery and discharge from the hospital, the animal will be restricted from excessive activity. He may be given anti-inflammatory medications or analgesics for the first few days to keep him comfortable. Some animals may be sent home with oral antibiotics for several days if a urinary tract infection is also present or suspected.
Monitor the incision closely. Watch for swelling, redness or discharge. Monitor urination. Watch for blood-tinged urine, straining or inability to urinate.
The only cause of bladder rupture that can be prevented is trauma. Many traumatic events are true accidents and thus unavoidable. Be very careful when handling or carrying your small mammal to avoid falls.
